School as a Sorting Machine
Education is often presented as the most powerful instrument of social mobility, a neutral arena where merit prevails over origin. In Morocco, as in many postcolonial societies, schooling is officially framed as a republican promise: equal opportunity for all citizens regardless of class, geography, or family background. Yet, behind this discourse lies a deeply stratified educational system that systematically disadvantages students from poor, rural, and working-class backgrounds. Rather than correcting social inequalities, the Moroccan education system frequently reproduces and legitimizes them. This discrimination has severe social, economic, and political consequences, and it raises an urgent question: how can Morocco move toward a genuinely egalitarian educational system?
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